In the astrobiology context, the study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and bio-molecules in heterogeneous environments is particularly relevant to investigate the physico-chemical mechanisms that lead to the synthesis of complex chemical compounds in space. Electromagnetic radiation is one of the main responsible of bio-molecule chemical evolution in space promoting photochemical reactions on surfaces of planets, meteorite grains or cosmic and cometary dusts. Mineral matrices may play a fundamental role in processes that lead to the emergence of life because their surfaces are dynamic, energetic environments able to selectively adsorb molecules, allowing their concentration, assisting prebiotic self-organization. Minerals could also have been involved in the selection of specific molecular characteristics that might have been reflected in the modern biochemistry; indeed, minerals can act as catalysts promoting selective synthesis of biomolecules on the surface. In this talk the nature of the interaction between nucleobases and the surface of the minerals and their photostability under UV-irradiation is presented, providing a support for the interpretation of astronomical data to detect organic compounds on planetary surfaces.