Upcoming 30 meters class telescopes represent a very new challenge in optics, both at telescope and instrument level. Instrument size is strongly related to that one of the telescope. However, manufacturing of very large lenses, mirrors, or dispersers, is limited and will constrain our observing capabilities, unless new solutions will be developed. Some techniques, like image and pupil slicing, have been revised in the last years, and new optical components, like VPH gratings, sintered silicon-carbide mirrors, free-forms optics have been recently introduced, to cope with these new challenges. A short summary of these solutions will be described, and some detailed explanations on mixing new ingredients together will be given.